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Romance fraud is one of the most emotionally damaging types of scam. Criminals build trust over weeks or even months, convincing people they are in a genuine relationship before asking for money or encouraging them to access savings, investments, pensions or other assets.
Thousands of people continue to fall victim to romance fraud each year, with losses running into millions of pounds. Beyond the financial impact, victims often experience significant emotional distress and can feel embarrassed or reluctant to seek help.
The good news is that knowing the warning signs can help you stay protected.
How do online dating scams work
Many romance scams begin on dating websites, dating apps or social media platforms. While there is nothing unusual about meeting people online, be cautious if someone quickly encourages you to move your conversations to private messaging services such as WhatsApp, Telegram, Signal or other apps. Dating site scams often use fake profiles and emotional manipulation to trick people into sharing personal information or sending money.
Fraudsters often try to take conversations away from platforms where monitoring and reporting features may exist. They may claim it is more convenient, more personal, or that they rarely use the original platform.
Moving a conversation to another app does not automatically mean someone is a fraudster, but when combined with other warning signs, it should raise concerns.
How to spot the signs of romance fraud
Be cautious of relationships that move quickly
Fraudsters often create a strong emotional connection in a short space of time. They may refer to you as a partner very quickly, make grand declarations of affection, or talk about a future together before you've met in person.
Take time to get to know someone and be wary of anyone who seems to be rushing the relationship.
Watch out for excuses about meeting
Many romance fraudsters claim to live, work or serve overseas. They may always have a reason why they cannot meet in person or participate in a video call.
Common excuses include military deployment, working on an offshore project, travelling abroad or dealing with a family emergency.
If someone repeatedly avoids meeting or verifying who they are, treat this as a warning sign. Be aware that fraudsters often use fake profiles and photographs to earn your trust.
Never send money to someone you've only met online
One of the clearest signs of romance fraud is a request for money, crypto currency or gift cards.
A fraudster may ask for help with:
- Medical bills
- Travel expenses
- Business problems
- Visa or legal fees
- Emergency situations
The requests often start small before becoming more frequent or more urgent.
Even if the story sounds convincing, never feel pressured into sending money or accessing your savings because of a relationship that exists primarily online.
Be alert to pressure and secrecy
Fraudsters often try to isolate their victims from friends and family who might question the relationship. They may ask you to:
- Keep the relationship secret
- Avoid discussing financial requests with others
- Act quickly or urgently
- Ignore concerns raised by family or friends
If someone discourages you from seeking advice, this should raise concerns.
Trust your instincts and seek a second opinion
It can be difficult to recognise a scam when emotions are involved.
If you're considering sending money, withdrawing savings, cashing in investments or making a large financial decision for someone you've met online, take a step back and speak to someone you trust.
A conversation with a family member, friend or financial adviser could help identify warning signs you may have missed.
How to report a romance scam
If you think you may have been targeted by a romance fraudster:
- Stop sending money or sharing personal information
- Speak to your bank or financial provider as soon as possible
- Report the matter to Report Fraud, online or by calling on 0300 123 2040
- Seek support from friends, family or a trusted professional
Remember, anyone can become a victim of romance fraud. Criminals are skilled at building trust and exploiting emotions. If something doesn't feel right, trust your instincts and seek advice before making any financial decisions.
Find out more about how to protect yourself from fraud and scams today.
